A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly similar to an electrical cable but containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective tube. An optical fiber, or optical fibre, is a flexible glass or plastic fiber that can transmit light from one end to the other. This fundamental difference is why it's so fast and efficient. The process relies on a principle called Total Internal Reflection. It consists of a glass or plastic core, cladding, protective coatings, and an outer jacket. Optical cables are used for high-speed, long-distance, and interference-resistant signal.